Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Ap Global Midterm Review

Global midterm examination review * Changes to map of europium later(prenominal) WWI/WWII- new countries cook after WWI plainly two completely new countries in atomic number 63 were formed after(prenominal) WW1 Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. Poland, which had been wiped score the map in 1795, was revived. The Baltic republics Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania manage their independence. Romania doubled in size. After WWII To a great finish, no new countries were formed after terra firma contendfare II. well-nigh of these changes occurred in the east hemisphere.Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, only just kind independence after WWI were erased as main(a) farmings and became part of the Soviet sum of m unmatchabley. Polands borders were moved east to include only the corridor from before the war but also parts of East Prussia, Pomerania, and Silesia, though they also lost the eastern parts of their country to the Soviet Union. Austria and Czechoslovakia, relegates att aind by the end of WWI but annexed to Nazi Germany in the 1930s reappeared, though Czechoslovakia was firmly downstairs Soviet domination and the Austrians were forced to dwell neutral during the growing Cold fight.In Europe the only country separate was Germany. * conservativism in western politics Conservatives, such as Austrias Prince Klemens von Metternich, were bent on maintaining the sanctity of traditional semipolitical institutions, curiously the monarchy. It was also their oddment to maintain a balance of power in Europe in order to ensure a permanent peace. * well-being state Welfare State and Consumer Society A. The motives for the welfare state 1. protection against depression and political extremism 2. the end for mixer justice B.Features of the welfare state 1. support from cradle to grave 2. educational and cultural opportunities C. The growth of consumer society 1. a new standard of living 2. personalism and hedonism 3. the end of public carriage? * at omic umbrella Nuclear umbrella refers to a guarantee by a nuclear weapons state to defend a non-nuclear consort state. * Germany after conception state of war II At the end of the war, Germany was elementalally divided into 4 sections, each one nether the swan of one of the Allied powers The unite States, England, France, and Russia.Berlin was divided as well. After a period of rebuilding and reorganization, the sections under the have of the United States, England, and France were returned to the comprise of the German g overnment. Russia maintained control over its section and brought it under the fold of the newly formed USSR. This resulted in the Berlin Wall, and the separate countries of East Germany and wolfram Germany. avocation the fall of communism and the breakup of the USSR in the 1980s, Germany reunified. * Marshall plan Proposed to rebuild the incorrupt in the interest of political constancy and a healthy world frugality * viewed as a vehicle for American sparing dominance * Iron blanket * a term coined by Winston Churchill to get out the funkary that separated the capital of Poland accord countries from the NATO countries from about 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991 * was both a corporal and an ideological division that represented the flair Europe was viewed after World War II * Soviet control over easterly Europe Between 1945 and 1949 Stalin make believed a Russian empire in Eastern Europe.This empire include Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and East Germany. each had a Communist presidential term. In the West they were called satellites because they clung closely to the Soviet Union uniform satellites round a planet. Stalin was able to create this empire for a number of reasons. The graduation exercise was the armed services might of the Soviet Union in Europe after 1945. some an different(prenominal) reason for the spread of Communism after the war was the gratitude of many Eastern European s for their sacque from Nazism.This, and the often-appalling conditions at the end of the war, played into the manpower of east European communist parties, which were, of course, indorse by Stalin and the Soviet Union. * Decolonization after World War II After WWII Europe tried to reassert its colonial dominance over Africa and the Far East. At the same time national movements grew wet in those colonies. Europe soon agnize that they would be unable to physically control the colonies without massive military occupation forces.This was unattainable both in sparing and political terms. As a result the colonial powers began a staged withdrawal of physical control but maintained economic ties. While these new countries were independent their formal colonial masters still had much control over the country. * Impact of World War II on international raft The conclusion of World War II spurred efforts to correct the problems stemming from protectionism, which had cast upd since 1 871, and trade restrictions, which had been compel amidst World Wars I and II.The resulting five-lobed trade agreements and other(a) forms of international economic cooperation led to the General Agreement on Tariffs and shell out (GATT) and laid the foundation for the World Trade Organization (WTO). * Impact of World War II on noncombatant people -One of the most distressing impacts that war has on obligingians is the frequent removal of their basic human rights -Huge civilian casualties on bearing line and bombing attacks -gave people the physiological hope to become as decently as Hitler did * Consequences of industrialization in the 1800s multitude migration of people from the land to the cities. -Massive building of beneath standard accommodation, built tackyly, to accommodate them -Massive increase in childhood mortality collectible to injuries at work, cruelty, the spread of disease, rat population increase, alcohol use and casual cast of children callable to both parents working. -Expansion of the coal manufacturing to include women and children working down the mines. -Exploitation of inexpensive child labor -Poor diet due to low wages and the collapse of the rustic economy due to lack of laborers -Slavery in the UK to plug the gaps of missing workers War with France had been current from the late 18th century and was a massive drain on the economy. -The bound of the National Debt to pay for the war and the creation of taxes on booze, tobacco etc. -Explosion in smuggling to counteract the tax increases. * NATO/Warsaw pact NATO- North Atlantic Trade Organization -led by US maintain adequate military strength and political unity to deter aggression and other forms of military or political nip aimed at a relaxation of tensions among East and West a insurance policy based to a large extent on general military strength.Warsaw Pact -led by USSR a military treaty, which bound its signatories to come to the aid of the others, shou ld any one of them be the victim of foreign aggression. * relative of Vienna The Congress of Vienna was convened in 1815 by the four European powers, which had get the better of Napoleon. The first goal was to establish a new balance of power in Europe, which would balk imperialism within Europe, such as the Napoleonic Empire,and maintain the peace between the great powers.The second goal was to prevent political revolutions, such as the french Revolution, and maintain the status quo. * Political ideologies Conservatives Liberals collectivized radicals Conservatism * a political and social philosophy that promotes retaining traditional social institutions Liberalism * a political ideology, a branch of liberalism which advocates civil liberties and political freedom with limited government under the rule of law and for the most part promotes a laissez-faire economic policy Socialism an economic system characterized by social ownership of the means of deed and co-operative mana gement of the economy Radicalism * sought republicanism, abolition of titles, redistribution of property and freedom of the press * demographic transition after industrialization * hammy changes in population growth and life expectancy driven by changes in the underlying factors that explain them fertility change magnitude and mortality decreased * Karl Marx father of collectivism and communism Marxs ideas were that of pure equality.He wanted a world where everyone was equal. His theories, while impractical because of the personality of man, were truly good. His ultimate goal was to eradicate poverty. * Opium war example of defense to imperialism * Motives For Imperialism 1. ) Economic motives included the desire to make money, to expand and control foreign trade, to create new markets for products, to acquire raw materials and cheap labor, to compete for investments and resources, and to export industrial technology and transportation methods. . ) Political- motives were b ased on a nations desire to gain power, to compete with other European countries, to expand territory, to exercise military force, to gain prestige by taking colonies, and to boost national pride and security. 3. ) Religious- motives included the desire to spread Christianity, to protect European missionaries in other lands, to spread European values and moral beliefs, to educate peoples of other cultures, and to end slave trade in Africa. 4. Exploratory- motives were based on the desire to seek inglorious or uncharted territory, to have a bun in the oven scientific research, to conduct medical searches for the causes and discussion of diseases, to go on an adventure, and to investigate unknown lands and cultures. * Impact of imperialism/colonization * large poetry of people were forced into slavery or the system of indentured laborers, and vast areas of vivid habitats were cleared and converted to monocultural plantations. * the export of westerly values resource exploitati on, consumerism and materialism to the colonies

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